Tunable Superfluidity and Quantum Magnetism with Ultracold Polar Molecules

By selecting two dressed rotational states of ultracold polar molecules in an
optical lattice, we obtain a highly tunable generalization of the t-J model,
which we refer to as the t-J-V-W model. In addition to XXZ spin exchange, the
model features density-density interactions and novel density-spin
interactions; all interactions are dipolar. We show that full control of all
interaction parameters in both magnitude and sign can be achieved independently
of each other and of the tunneling. As a first step towards demonstrating the
potential of the system, we apply the density matrix renormalization group
method (DMRG) to obtain the 1D phase diagram of the simplest experimentally
realizable case. Specifically, we show that the tunability and the long-range
nature of the interactions in the t-J-V-W model enable enhanced superfluidity.
Finally, we show that Bloch oscillations in a tilted lattice can be used to
probe the phase diagram experimentally.