



02892nas a2200397   4500008004100000245005600041210005500097260001500152520177700167100001701944700002301961700002101984700002202005700001902027700001602046700001902062700002502081700002302106700002002129700002002149700002602169700002302195700002402218700002202242700002302264700001602287700001302303700002002316700002402336700001702360700001902377700001802396700002302414700002002437856003702457       2019                        eng d00aQuantum Simulators: Architectures and Opportunities0 aQuantum Simulators Architectures and Opportunities  c12/14/20193 a<p>Quantum simulators are a promising technology on the spectrum of quantum devices from specialized quantum experiments to universal quantum computers. These quantum devices utilize entanglement and many-particle behaviors to explore and solve hard scientific, engineering, and computational problems. Rapid development over the last two decades has produced more than 300 quantum simulators in operation worldwide using a wide variety of experimental platforms. Recent advances in several physical architectures promise a golden age of quantum simulators ranging from highly optimized special purpose simulators to flexible programmable devices. These developments have enabled a convergence of ideas drawn from fundamental physics, computer science, and device engineering. They have strong potential to address problems of societal importance, ranging from understanding vital chemical processes, to enabling the design of new materials with enhanced performance, to solving complex computational problems. It is the position of the community, as represented by participants of the NSF workshop on &quot;Programmable Quantum Simulators,&quot; that investment in a national quantum simulator program is a high priority in order to accelerate the progress in this field and to result in the first practical applications of quantum machines. Such a program should address two areas of emphasis: (1) support for creating quantum simulator prototypes usable by the broader scientific community, complementary to the present universal quantum computer effort in industry; and (2) support for fundamental research carried out by a blend of multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary collaborations with resources for quantum simulator software, hardware, and education.&nbsp;</p>1 aAltman, Ehud1 aBrown, Kenneth, R.1 aCarleo, Giuseppe1 aCarr, Lincoln, D.1 aDemler, Eugene1 aChin, Cheng1 aDeMarco, Brian1 aEconomou, Sophia, E.1 aEriksson, Mark, A.1 aFu, Kai-Mei, C.1 aGreiner, Markus1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aHulet, Randall, G.1 aKollár, Alicia, J.1 aLev, Benjamin, L.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aMa, Ruichao1 aMi, Xiao1 aMisra, Shashank1 aMonroe, Christopher1 aMurch, Kater1 aNazario, Zaira1 aNi, Kang-Kuen1 aPotter, Andrew, C.1 aRoushan, Pedram  uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1912.0693802029nas a2200241   4500008004100000245006600041210006500107260001400172490000800186520133800194100002601532700001801558700002301576700001201599700002201611700002101633700002001654700002301674700001201697700002101709700002001730856003701750       2014                        eng d00aMany-body dynamics of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice0 aManybody dynamics of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice  c2014/11/70 v1133 a  Understanding the many-body dynamics of isolated quantum systems is one of
the central challenges in modern physics. To this end, the direct experimental
realization of strongly correlated quantum systems allows one to gain insights
into the emergence of complex phenomena. Such insights enable the development
of theoretical tools that broaden our understanding. Here, we theoretically
model and experimentally probe with Ramsey spectroscopy the quantum dynamics of
disordered, dipolar-interacting, ultracold molecules in a partially filled
optical lattice. We report the capability to control the dipolar interaction
strength, and we demonstrate that the many-body dynamics extends well beyond a
nearest-neighbor or mean-field picture, and cannot be quantitatively described
using previously available theoretical tools. We develop a novel cluster
expansion technique and demonstrate that our theoretical method accurately
captures the measured dependence of the spin dynamics on molecule number and on
the dipolar interaction strength. In the spirit of quantum simulation, this
agreement simultaneously benchmarks the new theoretical method and verifies our
microscopic understanding of the experiment. Our findings pave the way for
numerous applications in quantum information science, metrology, and condensed
matter physics.
1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aGadway, Bryce1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aYan, Bo1 aMoses, Steven, A.1 aCovey, Jacob, P.1 aYao, Norman, Y.1 aLukin, Mikhail, D.1 aYe, Jun1 aJin, Deborah, S.1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1402.2354v101850nas a2200205   4500008004100000245008200041210006900123260001500192490000700207520120600214100002601420700002601446700002301472700002701495700002701522700001701549700002101566700002001587856003701607       2014                        eng d00aQuantum correlations and entanglement in far-from-equilibrium spin  systems
0 aQuantum correlations and entanglement in farfromequilibrium spin  c2014/12/150 v903 a  By applying complementary analytic and numerical methods, we investigate the
dynamics of spin-$1/2$ XXZ models with variable-range interactions in arbitrary
dimensions. The dynamics we consider is initiated from uncorrelated states that
are easily prepared in experiments, and can be equivalently viewed as either
Ramsey spectroscopy or a quantum quench. Our primary focus is the dynamical
emergence of correlations and entanglement in these far-from-equilibrium
interacting quantum systems: we characterize these correlations by the
entanglement entropy, concurrence, and squeezing, which are inequivalent
measures of entanglement corresponding to different quantum resources. In one
spatial dimension, we show that the time evolution of correlation functions
manifests a non-perturbative dynamic singularity. This singularity is
characterized by a universal power-law exponent that is insensitive to small
perturbations. Explicit realizations of these models in current experiments
using polar molecules, trapped ions, Rydberg atoms, magnetic atoms, and
alkaline-earth and alkali atoms in optical lattices, along with the relative
merits and limitations of these different systems, are discussed.
1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 avan den Worm, Mauritz1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aManmana, Salvatore, R.1 aTorre, Emanuele, Dalla1 aPfau, Tilman1 aKastner, Michael1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1406.0937v102020nas a2200265   4500008004100000245009000041210006900131260001400200490000800214520123900222100001501461700001801476700002301494700002801517700001801545700002601563700001201589700002201601700002101623700002101644700001201665700002001677700002001697856003701717       2014                        eng d00aSuppressing the loss of ultracold molecules via the continuous quantum  Zeno effect
0 aSuppressing the loss of ultracold molecules via the continuous q  c2014/2/200 v1123 a  We investigate theoretically the suppression of two-body losses when the
on-site loss rate is larger than all other energy scales in a lattice. This
work quantitatively explains the recently observed suppression of chemical
reactions between two rotational states of fermionic KRb molecules confined in
one-dimensional tubes with a weak lattice along the tubes [Yan et al., Nature
501, 521-525 (2013)]. New loss rate measurements performed for different
lattice parameters but under controlled initial conditions allow us to show
that the loss suppression is a consequence of the combined effects of lattice
confinement and the continuous quantum Zeno effect. A key finding, relevant for
generic strongly reactive systems, is that while a single-band theory can
qualitatively describe the data, a quantitative analysis must include multiband
effects. Accounting for these effects reduces the inferred molecule filling
fraction by a factor of five. A rate equation can describe much of the data,
but to properly reproduce the loss dynamics with a fixed filling fraction for
all lattice parameters we develop a mean-field model and benchmark it with
numerically exact time-dependent density matrix renormalization group
calculations.
1 aZhu, Bihui1 aGadway, Bryce1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aSchachenmayer, Johannes1 aWall, Michael1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aYan, Bo1 aMoses, Steven, A.1 aCovey, Jacob, P.1 aJin, Deborah, S.1 aYe, Jun1 aHolland, Murray1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1310.2221v201291nas a2200157   4500008004100000245007400041210006900115260001400184490000800198520079400206100002601000700002701026700002301053700002001076856003701096       2013                        eng d00aFar from equilibrium quantum magnetism with ultracold polar molecules0 aFar from equilibrium quantum magnetism with ultracold polar mole  c2013/2/110 v1103 a  Recent theory has indicated how to emulate tunable models of quantum
magnetism with ultracold polar molecules. Here we show that present molecule
optical lattice experiments can accomplish three crucial goals for quantum
emulation, despite currently being well below unit filling and not quantum
degenerate. The first is to verify and benchmark the models proposed to
describe these systems. The second is to prepare correlated and possibly useful
states in well-understood regimes. The third is to explore many-body physics
inaccessible to existing theoretical techniques. Our proposal relies on a
non-equilibrium protocol that can be viewed either as Ramsey spectroscopy or an
interaction quench. It uses only routine experimental tools available in any
ultracold molecule experiment.
1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aManmana, Salvatore, R.1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1209.4076v101632nas a2200157   4500008004100000245007100041210006900112260001500181300001600196490000800212520114600220100002501366700002601391700002001417856003701437       2013                        eng d00aKitaev honeycomb and other exotic spin models with polar molecules0 aKitaev honeycomb and other exotic spin models with polar molecul  c2013/01/01  a1908 - 19160 v1113 a  We show that ultracold polar molecules pinned in an optical lattice can be
used to access a variety of exotic spin models, including the Kitaev honeycomb
model. Treating each molecule as a rigid rotor, we use DC electric and
microwave fields to define superpositions of rotational levels as effective
spin degrees of freedom, while dipole-dipole interactions give rise to
interactions between the spins. In particular, we show that, with sufficient
microwave control, the interaction between two spins can be written as a sum of
five independently controllable Hamiltonian terms proportional to the five
rank-2 spherical harmonics Y_{2,q}(theta,phi), where (theta,phi) are the
spherical coordinates of the vector connecting the two molecules. To
demonstrate the potential of this approach beyond the simplest examples studied
in [S. R. Manmana et al., arXiv:1210.5518v2], we focus on the realization of
the Kitaev honeycomb model, which can support exotic non-Abelian anyonic
excitations. We also discuss the possibility of generating spin Hamiltonians
with arbitrary spin S, including those exhibiting SU(N=2S+1) symmetry.
1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1301.5636v101346nas a2200157   4500008004100000245008400041210006900125260001300194490000700207520084400214100002301058700002601081700002401107700002001131856003701151       2013                        eng d00aNon-equilibrium dynamics of Ising models with decoherence: an exact  solution
0 aNonequilibrium dynamics of Ising models with decoherence an exac  c2013/4/30 v873 a  The interplay between interactions and decoherence in many-body systems is of
fundamental importance in quantum physics: Decoherence can degrade
correlations, but can also give rise to a variety of rich dynamical and
steady-state behaviors. We obtain an exact analytic solution for the
non-equilibrium dynamics of Ising models with arbitrary interactions and
subject to the most general form of local Markovian decoherence. Our solution
shows that decoherence affects the relaxation of observables more than
predicted by single-particle considerations. It also reveals a dynamical phase
transition, specifically a Hopf bifurcation, which is absent at the
single-particle level. These calculations are applicable to ongoing quantum
information and emulation efforts using a variety of atomic, molecular,
optical, and solid-state systems.
1 aFoss-Feig, Michael1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aBollinger, John, J.1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1209.5795v201446nas a2200169   4500008004100000245006700041210006600108260001400174490000700188520092200195100002701117700002401144700002601168700002001194700002501214856003701239       2013                        eng d00aTopological phases in ultracold polar-molecule quantum magnets0 aTopological phases in ultracold polarmolecule quantum magnets  c2013/2/260 v873 a  We show how to use polar molecules in an optical lattice to engineer quantum
spin models with arbitrary spin S >= 1/2 and with interactions featuring a
direction-dependent spin anisotropy. This is achieved by encoding the effective
spin degrees of freedom in microwave-dressed rotational states of the molecules
and by coupling the spins through dipolar interactions. We demonstrate how one
of the experimentally most accessible anisotropies stabilizes symmetry
protected topological phases in spin ladders. Using the numerically exact
density matrix renormalization group method, we find that these interacting
phases -- previously studied only in the nearest-neighbor case -- survive in
the presence of long-range dipolar interactions. We also show how to use our
approach to realize the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 and the Kitaev honeycomb
models. Experimental detection schemes and imperfections are discussed.
1 aManmana, Salvatore, R.1 aStoudenmire, E., M.1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aRey, Ana, Maria1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1210.5518v201707nas a2200145   4500008004100000245006800041210006800109260001300177490000700190520125600197100002601453700002501479700002001504856003701524       2011                        eng d00aSpectroscopy of dipolar fermions in 2D pancakes and 3D lattices0 aSpectroscopy of dipolar fermions in 2D pancakes and 3D lattices  c2011/9/60 v843 a  Motivated by ongoing measurements at JILA, we calculate the recoil-free
spectra of dipolar interacting fermions, for example ultracold heteronuclear
molecules, in a one-dimensional lattice of two-dimensional pancakes,
spectroscopically probing transitions between different internal (e.g.,
rotational) states. We additionally incorporate p-wave interactions and losses,
which are important for reactive molecules such as KRb. Moreover, we consider
other sources of spectral broadening: interaction-induced quasiparticle
lifetimes and the different polarizabilities of the different rotational states
used for the spectroscopy. Although our main focus is molecules, some of the
calculations are also useful for optical lattice atomic clocks. For example,
understanding the p-wave shifts between identical fermions and small dipolar
interactions coming from the excited clock state are necessary to reach future
precision goals. Finally, we consider the spectra in a deep 3D lattice and show
how they give a great deal of information about static correlation functions,
including \textit{all} the moments of the density correlations between nearby
sites. The range of correlations measurable depends on spectroscopic resolution
and the dipole moment.
1 aHazzard, Kaden, R. A.1 aGorshkov, Alexey, V.1 aRey, Ana, Maria  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1106.1718v1